主观权与诉权

Subjective Right and the Right of Action

主观权和诉权是一对既重要又模糊的概念,两者存在与生俱来的关联性,而对于两者关系的研究一直以来都存在争议。诉权是"请求法官对诉请的法律基础作出判决的权利"。诉权要求有具体的法律机制,而不仅仅是司法的启动原理。诉权的行使依赖于区别于实体法律规范的"另一种法律规则","另一种法律规则"赋予了诉权主观权的性质。"诉权"是一种典型主观权。

Subjective right and the right of action are both important and vague concepts,and they are inherently related.However,the research on the relationship between them has always been controversial.It is necessary to distinguish“subjective right as a philosophical concept”from“subjective right as a rigorous legal concept”.When using the concept of subjective right,it refers to the right recognized by"rules of law".The right of action requires a specific legal mechanism,not just the starting principle of justice.The right of action can only be“the right to ask the judge to make a judgment on the legal basis of the appeal”.The exercise of the right of action depends on“another legal rule”which is different from the substantive legal norms,and“another legal rule”endows the subjective right of action with the nature.The parties have the right to use the mandatory provisions in the legal rules to protect their own interests,and the“right of action”is a typical subjective right.