元江干热河谷典型耐旱植物叶片解剖结构特征及抗旱性分析

Leaf Anatomical Structure and Drought Resistance of Typical Drought-Tolerant Plants in the Dry-Hot Valley of Yuanjiang River

为了解干热河谷植物对环境适应策略的差异性,以便筛选出优良的生态恢复植物,以元江干热河谷22种典型耐旱植物叶片为试材,采用常规石蜡切片法、光学显微技术对植物的解剖结构进行分析,并以解剖学数量性状、转换性状及多元性状为指标对供试植物进行聚类分析。结果表明:植物叶片对干热河谷的适应性表现出多样性;供试植物的叶片均有明显的旱生植物特征;叶片依据是否有海绵组织的分化分为等面叶和异面叶,其中异面叶的植物占多数,有13种,等面叶植物占9种;供试植物叶片解剖结构差异大,反映了植物长期适应干热环境的进化结果;聚类分析结果表明,主要依据海绵组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度、主脉直径的差异把22种植物分为5类,反映出供试植物在通气组织、输导组织以及同化组织发达程度上的差异。

With the 22 typical xerophytic species leaves in the dry-hot valleys of Yuanjiang River as test materials,to find its similarities and differences in the adaptation strategies of arid and hot environment and screen out excellent ecological restoration plants,using conventional paraffin section technique and optical microscopy technique to analyze the differences in leaf anatomy.And the tested plants were clustered by anatomical quantitative traits,transformation traits and multivariate traits.The results indicated that the adaptability to arid and hot environmental showed a diversity in leave structure.All the leaves of the tested tree species had obvious characteristics of xerophyte.The leaves were divided into isobilateral or bifacial leaves according to the differentiation of spongy tissues,among which the bifacial leaves plants were the majority,which were 13 kinds;there are 9 species of isobilateral leaves plants.The anatomical structure of the tested plants differs greatly,reflecting the evolutionary results of the plant's long-term adaptation to arid and hot environment.The results of cluster analysis show that the difference is mainly based on the thickness of sponge tissue,the thickness of palisade tissue and the dia-meter of main vein.The plants are divided into 5 categories,which mainly reflect the differences in the degree of development of the tested plants in aerated tissues,transport tissues and assimilated tissues.