不同生活型蜘蛛抗逆性比较研究

Comparison of stress tolerance among three spider species with different living forms

以结网型机敏异漏斗蛛Allagelena difficilis和角类肥蛛Larinioides cornuta以及游猎型星豹蛛Pardosa astrigera为研究对象,分别测定比较不同生活型蜘蛛成蛛水分和脂类含量,并比较3种蜘蛛在无水无食逆境下的耐受时间,为探究不同生活型蜘蛛体内水分和脂类含量与其抗干旱和抗饥饿能力的关联提供依据.研究结果表明:机敏异漏斗蛛和星豹蛛体内含水量显著高于角类肥蛛,但后2种蜘蛛体内脂含量显著高于机敏异漏斗蛛,3种蜘蛛雌蛛脂含量显著高于雄蛛.在无水无食条件下,机敏异漏斗蛛存活时间显著高于角类肥蛛和星豹蛛,同时机敏异漏斗蛛和角类肥蛛雌蛛存活时间显著高于相应雄蛛.星豹蛛雌雄蛛的存活时间没有显著差异.蜘蛛生活习性和抗逆策略可能影响它们在逆境下的存活时间.

In order to shed some insights on the relationship between the water and lipid contents of spider species and their stress tolerance, we measured the body water content and lipid content of adult spiders, and compared their surviving time among two web-building spider species Allagelena difficilis and Larinioides cornuta and one wandering spider species Pardosa astrigera under the stress conditions without water ard food, respectively. Our results showed that the water contents of the spider A.difficilis and P.astrigera were significantly higher than that of the web-building spider L.cornuta. The lipid contents of L.cornuta and P.astrigera were significantly higher than that of A.difficilis. The lipid contents of females in both spider species A.difficilis and L.cornuta were significantly higher than those of their corresponding males, whereas there were no significant differences in lipid content between females and males in P.astrigera. Under the stress conditions without water nor food, the survival time of A.difficilis was significantly longer than those of L.cornuta and P.astrigera, and the survival time of females of the two web-building spider A.difficilis and L .cornuta was significantly longer than those of their males, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in survival time between females and males of the wandering spider P.astrigera.