国际分工演进下产业升级的内涵及分类

产业升级的内涵和类型与国际分工的演进过程息息相关。本文首先将国际分工的演进分为产业间分工、产业内分工和产品内分工三个阶段,在此基础上界定了产业升级的内涵。其次,依据国际分工演进三阶段将产业升级分为产业结构升级、产业竞争力升级和全球价值链升级三种类型,分别从产量成本比、产值成本比和价值增值三方面分析了三种产业升级的动力。再次,从升级动力和升级范围两个维度分析了三种产业升级形式的特点,并阐述了三种产业升级在时间上递进和空间上并存的内在关联。最后,从深入推进工业化、生产流程再造和发展更高层次的开放型经济三方面提出了构建中国产业升级体系的对策建议。

The connotation and type of industrial upgrading are related closely to the evolution process of international division.Firstly,the evolution of international division is divided into three stages,including inter-industry division,intra-industry division and intra-product division.The connotation of industrial upgrading is defined.Secondly,according to three stages of international division,industrial upgrading is divided into three types:upgrading of industrial structure,upgrading of industrial competitiveness and upgrading of global value chains.The powers of industrial upgrading are analyzed from the ratio of output to cost,the ratio of output value to cost and value added.Thirdly,the characteristics of three forms of industrial upgrading are analyzed from upgrading power and upgrading scope,and the internal linkage of three upgrading forms in time and space is demonstrated.Finally,to construct Chinese industrial upgrading system,some suggestions such as deepening industrialization,reengineering production processes and developing a higher level of open economy are put forward.