同亚里士多德一起读《四书》:对卫方济儒家经典译介的一种阐释学解读（英文）

Reading the Four Books with Aristotle: A Hermeneutical Approach to the Translation of the Confucian Classics by Fran?ois No?l SJ(1651—1729)

卫方济(1651—1729)在中国礼仪之争最后数十年纷繁复杂的气候下发表了《中国六大经典》和《中国哲学》两部译作。为能使中国基督徒免于种族身份与宗教身份难以兼容的尴尬处境,他探索出了以亚里士多德的视角来阐释儒家经典的一种文本研读模式。因而卫方济的译本有着相当的自由性—他尝试将儒家经典文本与尼各马可伦理学(或曰亚里士多德的美德伦理学)相融合,而非仅从文字层面来进行翻译。这一融合得以展现出两种不同文化间的共通性与超越文化藩篱的普世真理。正是这一融合使克里斯蒂安·伍尔夫、戈特弗里德·威廉·莱布尼茨、伏尔泰等哲学家深受启发:它是尚未被殖民与后殖民理论禁锢的纯理性理念,是那个文化交流还未被西方思考模式固化的时代话语丰林中的一枝秀株。

Francois Noel SJ(1651-729)published the Libri Classici and the Philosophia Sinica in the very complicated context of the last decades of the Rites Controversy.In his spiritual fight for an accommodation that would allow Chinese Christians to be both Chinese and a member of the Roman Church,he searched for a hermeneutical approach to read the Confucian Classics with Aristotle.Therefore his translation was rather free?he tried to make a synthesis of Confucian text and Aristotelian ethics,not a translation in the literal sense.This synthesis was able to display meaningful similarities between the two cultures and universal truths above the cultures.It was this synthesis that inspired philosophers as Christian Wolff,Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Voltaire.This is clearly a concept of reason that is not yet imprisoned by colonial or postcolonial thought,it is an example of a fruitful discourse in a time,when intercultural exchange was not yet defined by western modes of thought.