我国农业经营制度供求错位探析:基于乡村振兴视角

Mismatch between Supply and Demand in China's Agricultural Operation System:From the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

乡村振兴需要解决农业经营制度供求错位问题,我国农业经营制度供求错位问题表现在小农经营困难、空壳合作社广泛存在、农业企业等新型农业经营主体和地方政府官员合谋套取财政补贴等。农业经营制度供求错位导致了大量资源浪费、农产品的低层次过剩、风险的错配和农业现代化受阻。农业经营制度供求错位主要是制度供给过程中农民需求受忽视、政府部门创租行为、决策模式不科学所致,解决制度供求错位问题,应满足农业经营主体合理诉求,理顺政府与市场关系,让市场机制更好发挥基础性作用,进一步改善公共决策。

Rural revitalization needs to solve the mismatch between supply and demand in China’s agricultural operation system, which is manifested in the operation difficulties of small-scale farmers, extensive existence of shell cooperatives, collusion between new agricultural operation subjects, such as agricultural enterprises, and local government officials for financial subsidies. It leads to the waste of a large number of resources, low-level surplus of agricultural products, mismatch of risks and hindrance of agricultural modernization. The mismatch is mainly caused by the neglect of farmers’ demand in the process of system supply, unreasonableness of government departments in creating rents and making decisions. To solve the problem, it is necessary to satisfy the reasonable demands of agricultural operation subjects, straighten out the relationship between government and market, let market mechanism better play a fundamental role, and further improve public decision-making.