基于收益管理的高铁动态定价方法

Dynamic pricing method for high-speed railway based on revenue management

以高速铁路市场化定价为背景,提出高速铁路动态定价模型。根据列车停站方案的差异,以列车旅行时间进行列车分级;通过分析高铁沿线各点对之间的历史客流出行信息,从旅客出行的价格敏感性和时间敏感性角度出发对旅客进行分类,并根据历史售票数据得出不同类型旅客所占比例;在此基础上,以客票总收益最大化为目标,考虑票价上下限、列车能力和票价不到倒等约束,建立基于收益管理的高速铁路动态票价优化模型,并根据模型特征设计启发式求解方法。最后以京沪高铁为例,利用所提出的方法进行优化计算和分析,证明在不增加运力的前提下,考虑收益管理的高铁动态定价方法,可以有效提高客票收益。

Based on the market pricing of high-speed railway, this paper proposed a dynamic pricing model of high-speed railway. Firstly, according to the train operation diagram differences, the trains were categorized with travel time;by analyzing the historical passenger flow information at various intervals along the high-speed railway, the passengers were classified according to the price sensitivity and time sensitivity, and the proportion of different types of passengers was calculated based on historical ticket sales data. Then, we established a generalized cost function for passenger travel. Combined with train classification, a dynamic pricing method for high-speed railway based on seat management was proposed, and then we established a passenger flow simulation model based on the principle of minimizing the general cost of passengers. Finally, the model used the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway as an example to simulate the passengers who have a fixed travel demand at various intervals along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. Through the ticketing process simulation, and assigning passengers to different optional trains, the income from the calculation model is increased compared with the original income, which means our study will provide a reference for dynamic pricing strategies for high-speed railways.