壳体对炸药水下爆炸近场特性的影响

Effect of Shell on Short-range Characteristics of Underwater Blast of Explosive

为了研究壳体对炸药水下爆炸近场特性的影响,在水下进行了Φ25mm圆筒试验与Φ25mm裸药柱滑移爆轰试验,对比分析了带壳装药、裸装药的冲击波迹线与壳体、气泡的膨胀迹线。结果表明,壳体对炸药爆炸后冲击波的衰减作用较为明显,带壳装药水下爆炸冲击波波阵面压力与冲击波传播速度以相对较低的初始值(0.9GPa,0.78mm/μs)近似保持不变,而裸装药水下爆炸冲击波波阵面压力与冲击波传播速度从较高初始值(8.5GPa,0.92mm/μs)以指数形式快速衰减;不同膨胀时期壳体对膨胀过程的影响不同,导致水下爆炸初期(0～5μs)与后期(20μs以后)带壳装药壳体的膨胀速率低于裸装药气泡的膨胀速率,水下爆炸中期(5～20μs)带壳装药壳体的膨胀速率高于裸装药气泡的膨胀速率。

To study the influence of shell on the short-range characteristics of underwater blast,theΦ25 mm cylinder test and the sliding detonation test ofΦ25 mm bare grain were carried out under water.The shock wave traces of charge with shell and charge without shell and the expansion traces of shell and bubble were compared and analyzed.The results show that the attenuation effect of shell on shock wave after explosion is obvious.The underwater blast shock wave front pressure and shock wave propagation speed of the shelled charge remain approximately the same at relatively low initial values(0.9 GPa,0.78 mm/μs),while the underwater blast shock wave front pressure and the velocity of shock wave propagation of the bare charge are rapidly decaying from the higher initial value(8.5 GPa,0.92 mm/μs)in an exponential form.Due to the different influences of the shell on the expansion process during different expansion periods,the expansion rate of the shells with the shelled charge in the early(0-5μs)and late stages(after 20μs)of underwater explosions is lower than the rate of expansion of the bare charge bubble,and the expansion rate of the shells with the shelled charge in the medium term(5-20μs)of underwater explosions is higher than the rate of expansion of the bare charge bubble.