利用稀少控制点的线阵推扫式光学卫星在轨几何定标方法

On-orbit geometric calibration of linear push-broom optical satellite only using sparse GCPs

针对线阵推扫式光学遥感卫星,提出了一种基于稀少控制点的在轨几何定标方法。本文方法利用沿CCD方向的两景重叠影像对及影像覆盖区域的稀少控制点数据即可实现内外系统误差参数的高精度解算,进而有效恢复视场内每个CCD探元的光线指向,摆脱了传统方法对昂贵的高精度地面定标场数据的依赖。本文首先在推扫式光学遥感卫星成像机理的基础上建立相应的严格几何成像模型,并对影响卫星影像几何精度的系统误差进行了分析,在此基础上采用一种基于指向角的内参数优化模型构建了适用于本方法的几何定标模型。然后,结合本方法的特点,采用一种分步解算的方法分别对外参数和内参数分别进行了标定。最后,通过一组ZY-3卫星下视相机的真实数据试验对本文方法的有效性及精度进行了对比验证。

The paper presents a geometric calibration method based on the sparse ground control points (GCPs), aiming to the linear push-broom optical satellite. This method can achieve the optimal estimate of internal and external parameters with two overlapped image pair along the charge-coupled device (CCD), and sparse GCPs in the image region, further get rid of the dependence on the expensive calibration site data. With the calibrated parameters, the line of sight (LOS) of all CCD detectors can be recovered. This paper firstly establishes the rigorous imaging model of linear push-broom optical satellite based on its imaging mechanism. And then the calibration model is constructed by improving the internal sensor model with viewing-angle model after an analysis on systematic errors existing in the imaging model is performed. A step-wise solution is applied aiming to the optimal estimate of external and internal parameters. At last, we conduct a set of experiments on ZY-3 NAD camera, and verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the presented method by comparison.