农田生态系统碳源/碳汇综述

A Review of Carbon Source and Carbon Sink in Farmland Ecosystem

当前全球温室效应不断增强,为探索解决这一问题的有效措施,全球气候变化逐渐成为重要的研究领域。陆地土壤是地球表面最大的碳库,具有极强的碳储存能力,农田生态系统是陆地三大系统之一,不同的农田管理措施、研究区域、农田种植结构等都会对农田系统碳储量产生重要的影响,农田碳的研究对全球气候变化具有重要意义。文章通过总结众多学者的研究,指出目前研究中存在的问题和不足,同时综述了农田生态系统碳源/汇定量研究的主要方法及影响因素,虽然气候、土壤等自然因素的差异会对不同区域的碳收支平衡产生影响,但灌溉量、农业机械化程度等人为管理措施才是导致农田生态系统碳源/汇变化的主导因素。为实现社会的可持续发展,需合理调整农田管理措施,走绿色农业发展之路。

With the strengthening of the global greenhouse effect,global climate change has gradually become a new research field,to explore effective measures to solve this problem.The farmland ecosystem is one of the three terrestrial systems.Terrestrial soil is the largest soil carbon pool on the earth's surface,and has strong carbon storage capacity.Therefore,farmland carbon is of great significance to global climate change.Different farmland management measures,research areas,farmland planting structure and so on will have an important impact on farmland system carbon stocks.By summarizing the many scholars'research,this paper pointed out the problems and shortcomings in the current research,and reviewed the main quantitative research methods and influencing factors of carbon source/sink in farmland ecosystems.The results showed that although the differences of natural factors such as climate and soil would affect the carbon balance of different regions,the amount of irrigation,agriculture mechanization and other man-made management measures was the leading factor in the carbon source/sink change of farmland ecosystem.In order to realize the sustainable development of the society,it was necessary to adjust farmland management measures and take the road of green agriculture development.