文化、群体与认同:辽朝“汉契一体”观念的构建

Culture,Group and Identity:On the Construction of the Concept of“Han-Qi Integration”in Liao Dynasty

有辽一代,辽朝境内民族成分十分复杂,其中又以汉族人口占被统治人口的多数,实现对汉族人口的有效管理和控制,关系到辽朝的长治久安。但由于两族之间巨大的文化差异,汉民最初对辽朝的统治表现出极度的排斥和抗拒。为了尽可能获得汉民对辽朝统治的认同,辽朝统治者通过采取"尊孔崇儒"、建立汉城安置汉民、"因俗而治"等措施不断地构建"汉契一体"的新观念。在辽代统治者的努力下,辽朝境内的汉民日益认可自己的辽朝属民的身份,对辽朝统治的认同感也日益增强。

In Liao Dynasty,the ethnic composition was very complex,and Han population was the majority of the ruled population.The effective management and control of Han population was related to the long-term stability of Liao Dynasty.However,due to the huge cultural differences between the two communities,the Han people initially showed extreme rejection and resistance to the rule of the Liao Dynasty.In order to get the Han people’s recognition of the rule of Liao as much as possible,the rulers of Liao Dynasty constantly constructed the new concept of “Han-Qi integration” by taking measures such as “governing by custom”,“respecting Confucius and worshiping Confucianism”,and establishing Han City to settle the Han people.Under the efforts of the rulers of the Liao Dynasty,the Han people increasingly recognized their own identity,and identified the ruling of the Liao Dynasty.