重塑技术措施的保护——从技术措施保护的分类谈起

Reshaping Technological Measures Protection: Beginning with the Classification of Technological Measures Protection

技术措施保护适用的前提是技术措施的分类,该分类由美国版权法发展而来。"版权保护措施"以著作权侵权作为保护基础,无法适用于破坏、规避技术措施但不侵犯著作权的情形;"接触控制措施"通过构建"接触"的概念,克服了"版权保护措施"的部分缺陷,但公众接触作品的权利同时也受到过度限制。技术措施保护分类的适用困境在于其试图从著作权的角度出发规制破坏、规避技术措施的行为,忽视了破坏、规避技术措施行为自身的特征。故应从破坏、规避技术措施的行为模式出发,衔接著作权及其相关权益的保护,构建以传播为核心的技术措施保护体系,优化司法适用的裁判逻辑。

The theoretical basis for applying technological measures is the classification of the measures, which stems from the US Copyright Law.“ Copyright protection measures”are premised on copyright infringement, and therefore cannot be applied to the situation in which technological measures are destroyed or circumvented but copyright is not infringed.“Access control measure”overcomes the defects of“ copyright protection measures” by constructing the concept of“ access”. However, the public’s right to access works is also over-restricted, leading to great controversy. The applicable dilemma of the classification of technological measures lies in its attempt to regulate the behavior of destroying and circumventing technological measures from the perspective of copyright, and neglecting the characteristics of destroying and circumventing the technological measures themselves. It is suggested to proceed from the behavior mode of destroying and circumventing technological measures, combine the protection of copyright with the related rights, reshape the technological measures protection system, construct a communication-centered technological measures protection system, and optimize the legal reasoning of judicial application.