二孩政策下大孩心理健康教育探析

A Research of the First Born Children's Psychological Health Education under the Two-child Policy

随着"二孩时代"到来,大孩不接纳二孩,甚至以死相逼的新闻屡见报端。通过对儿童青少年访谈和问卷调查,分析孩子害怕父母生二孩,主要是担心二孩出生后发生同胞竞争和同胞冲突,安全感不足。调查显示,四、五、六年级中,四年级的孩子比五六年级孩子更想要弟弟或妹妹,有显著差异(P<0.01),城市中心的学校孩子也更想要弟弟或妹妹(P<0.05),66.27%的没有弟弟或妹妹的大孩想要父母生二孩,以极端态度反对父母生二孩的占少数。在此基础上,提出通过提升父母自身素质、优化家庭、学校和社会环境、有针对性的心理辅导等方式促进大孩心理健康的策略。

With the arrival of the“second child era”,there are lots of news about how first born children reject their younger siblings.Some of the first born children even use death threats against the second born children.What is the cause of the first born children's extreme behavior?What are they afraid of?Through interviews and questionnaires by children and adolescents,it is analyzed that first born children are mainly concerned with the lack of security from the sibling rivalry and sibling conflict after the birth of the second child.The survey showed that forth grade children want to have younger siblings or younger siblings much more than children of fifth or sixth grade,with significant differences(P<0.01).Children in down town also want to have younger brothers or sisters(P<0.05).What's more,66.27 percent of children without a younger brother or sister would like to have younger siblings,and children with extreme attitudes against second born child are in the minority.By improving the parents'own quality,optimizing the family,school and social environment,and giving targeted psychological counseling,the first born children's mental health can be promoted.