荀子与亚里士多德的社会控制观

Xun Zi's and Aristotle's Views of Social Control

在轴心时代的中国,荀子对社会控制思想构建了完备的系统。而在西方的古希腊,亚里士多德是与荀子最具可比性的思想家。荀子建立了从上层统治者的德化、礼义教化、政令规范、刑罚制裁四个层次的社会控制模型;亚里士多德的社会控制思想也包括了人性论、教育、经济政治资源的合理配置、法律制裁与妇女的管理。对比二者思想,可以窥见东西方社会秩序与控制思想的异同与历史意义。

In the axis era of China, Xun Zi established the most complete system of thought of social control, whereas in ancient Greece, Aristotle was the only thinker comparable to Xun Zi. Xun Zi established the upper rulers' social control model from four levels: moralization, moral education, norms of government order and penalty sanction. Aristotle's thought of social control also includes the theory of human nature, education, rational allocation of economic and political resources, legal sanctions and management of women. By comparing their ideas, we can see the similarities and differences of social order and control thoughts between the east and the west.