论口述历史的主体间性

On the Intersubjectivity of Oral History

口述历史作为人与人之间的一种深层次的思想交往活动,要消解主客二元论所带来的哲学困境,应置于主体间性的视域中进行考察。根据胡塞尔和许茨所阐述的主体间性思想,对于口述历史的主体间性可从时间结构和空间结构两个方面来理解。为了更好理解历史的过去,在"我们"关系的基础上来建构一种易于沟通性的共同环境,呈现历史的"场",需要遵循四个建构原则,即接近呈现原则、互为主体性原则、开放性原则和视角互易性原则。

As a kind of in-depth thought communication between people, oral history should be examined from the perspective of intersubjectivity in order to eliminate the philosophical dilemma brought by the dualism of subject and object. According to the thoughts on intersubjectivity expounded by Husserl and Schuetz, the intersubjectivity of oral history can be understood from two aspects: time structure and space structure. In order to better understand the historical past, build a common environment for easy communicate on the basis of the "we" relationship and present the "field" of history, we should follow four construction principles, namely, the principle of near presentation, the principle of mutual subjectivity, the principle of openness and the principle of reciprocity of perspectives.