列车制动盘试验测试与数值模拟的温度偏差分析

Temperature Deviation Analysis of Train Brake Disc Experiment and Numerical Simulation

为准确获取制动过程中制动盘的温度来评价制动盘的寿命,针对动车组闸片与制动盘构成的摩擦副,采用1∶1列车制动试验台,分别采用红外热像仪和热电偶测试制动初速度为80～250 km/h条件下制动盘的温度;同时运用有限元软件ADINA,模拟制动过程中制动盘温度场的变化情况。结果表明:数值模拟结果与试验测试结果存在一定的偏差,其中红外热像仪所测盘面温度与模拟所得温度最为接近,两者的接近程度与制动过程有关,在制动中后期,2种方法所得盘面温度偏差变小;热电偶测得的盘面平均温度小于模拟计算温度,其偏差程度随制动压力和制动初速度的增大而增大;造成测试结果与数值模拟温度不一致的主要原因在于实际制动过程中存在摩擦副之间的压力分布不均匀问题。

To acquire the temperature of the brake disc in the braking process accurately to evaluate the life of brake disc,aimed at the friction pairs made of brake disc and pad of EMU,the braking experiments are conducted on a 1∶1 test bench under the conditions of the initial velocities from 80 km/h to 250 km/h,and the temperature of the brake disc was tested by infrared thermal imager and thermocouple respectively.The temperature field of the brake disc during the braking process was also simulated by using the finite element software of ADINA.The results indicate that there is a certain deviation between the numerical simulation results and the test results.The temperature of the disc surface measured by the infrared thermal imager is the closest to that by the simulation method,the proximity of the two method is related to the braking process,the temperature deviation of the two methods is smaller in the middle and later stage of braking.The average temperature of the disc surfacemeasured by the thermocouple is less than that by the simulation method,and the degree of deviation is increased with the increasing of the braking pressure and the initial speed of braking.The main reason for the temperature difference between the test and the numerical simulation is inhomogeneous of pressure distribution between the friction pair exist during the actual braking process.