地铁浮轨式减振扣件轨道的轮轨接触有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Wheel-rail Contact for Metro Track with Floating Rail Damping Fastener

为了探究浮轨式减振扣件轨道存在的短波长钢轨波磨问题,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立三维轮轨静态接触的数值模型,探讨轨道扣件系统垂向刚度和支撑方式对轮轨接触时接触斑、接触压力和钢轨位移等接触参数的影响。结果表明:轨下结构(扣件实体、轨道板等)对浮轨式减振扣件轨道的轮轨静态接触参数影响很小;采用轨腰支撑的浮轨式减振扣件的最大接触压力大于DTVI2型扣件,接触面积小于DTVI2型扣件;浮轨式减振扣件轨道钢轨垂向位移为与DTVI2型扣件的5倍左右,横向位移比DTVI2型扣件轨道小5.2%～13.2%,钢轨翻转角比DTVI2型扣件大146.3%～206.1%;浮轨式减振扣件的垂向刚度对轮轨接触压力分布、接触面积、钢轨横向位移及钢轨翻转角基本没有影响,而对钢轨垂向位移影响较大,垂向刚度越大钢轨垂向位移越小。浮轨式减振扣件较大的钢轨垂向位移及翻转角,降低了轮轨接触的稳定性,易导致波动的轮轨力,萌生钢轨波磨现象,因而需改进该类型扣件的设计,以降低钢轨翻转角。

In order to explore the problem of short-wave rail corrugation in the floating rail damping fastener track,a numerical model of the 3D wheel-rail static contact was developed by the finite element software ABAQUS.The contact patch,contact pressure and rail displacement were calculated.The influence of vertical stiffness and rail support mode on rail contact parameters was investigated.The numerical results show that the under-rail structure(fastener,track slab,etc.)has little effect on the static contact parameters of the floating rail damping fastener track.The maximum wheel-rail contact pressure of the floating rail damping fastener(rail web support)is larger than that of the DTVI2 fastener(rail bottom support),and the contact area is smaller that of the DTVI2 fastener.The rail vertical displacement of the floating rail damping fastener track is about 5 times larger than that of the DTVI2 fastener,the transverse displacement is 5.2% to 13.2% smaller than that of the DTVI2 fastener,and the rail turning angle is 146.3% to 206.1% larger than that of the DTVI2 fastener.The vertical stiffness of floating rail damping fastener only has a great influence on the rail vertical displacement,and it has no influence on the contact pressure distribution,contact area,rail transverse displacement and rail turning angle.The large rail vertical displacement and the large rail turning angle will decrease the stability of the wheel-rail contact,and will lead to the vibration of the wheel-rail force and the rail corrugation.Therefore,the supporting mode of the fastener should be redesinged to reduce the rail turning angle.