基于有限元法的不同带槽球面轴承结构的对比分析

Structural Comparative Analysis of Different Grooved Spherical Bearings Based on Finite Element Method

为进一步优化最佳带槽的球面轴承结构,建立螺旋槽和环形槽球面轴承模型,应用有限元软件分析球面轴承槽数目和槽半径对球面轴承力学性能的影响。结果表明:对于螺旋槽球面轴承,随螺旋槽槽数增大,最大应力和体积应变值都增大,随螺旋槽半径增大,最大应力值减小,而最大体积应变值则增大,螺旋槽槽数和半径太大或太小时,都易使轴承位移量增大;对于环形槽球面轴承,其最大位移量随槽数和半径的增大而增大,最大应力和体积应变量随着槽数目增大及槽半径的减小而增大;螺旋槽球面轴承的最大位移、最大应力和体积应变量大于环形槽球面轴承,但环形槽球面轴承的位移分布变化较快且范围大,压力分布不均匀,多次出现压力峰值,容易造成应力集中现象;对比环形槽球面轴承,槽数为5、半径为2.5 mm的螺旋槽球面轴承最大位移量最小,形变位置分布相对合理。

In order to further optimize the structure of spherical bearing with groove,the model of spiral groove and annular groove bearing was established,and the influence of the number of spherical bearing grooves and groove radius on the mechanical properties of spherical bearings was analyzed by using finite element software.The results show that,for the spherical bearing with spiral groove,the maximum stress and volumetric strain are increased with the increasing of the number of spiral grooves,while the maximum stress value is decreased and the maximum volume strain value is increased with the increasing of the radius of spiral groove.The displacement of spiral groove spherical bearings is easy to be increased when the number and radius of spiral grooves are too large or too small.For the the spherical bearing with annular groove,the maximum displacement is increased with the increasing of groove number and radius,and the maximum stress and volume strain are increased with the increasing of groove number and the decreasing of groove radius.The maximum displacement,maximum stress and volume strain of the spiral groove spherical bearing are larger than those of the annular groove spherical bearing,but the displacement distribution of the annular groove spherical bearing changes rapidly and has a large range,the pressure distribution is uneven,and the pressure peaks appear many times,easily causing stress concentration phenomenon.Compared with the annular groove spherical bearing,the spiral groove spherical bearing with groove number of 5 and radius of 2.5 mm has the smallest maximum displacement,and relatively reasonable distribution of deformation.