骨科住院患者营养风险筛查对患者临床结局的影响

Effect of Nutritional Risk Screening on Clinical Outcomes of Orthopaedic Inpatients

目的:调查骨科住院患者的营养风险发生率和营养支持的应用状况,分析营养风险筛查对患者临床结局和预后的影响,为骨科住院患者的临床营养支持提供科学依据。方法:选择2017年1月至3月骨科住院患者,按照营养风险筛查NRS2002评分标准,对住院患者进行营养风险筛查,按照是否接受干预进行营养支持分为干预组和未干预组。分别比较两组患者白蛋白、总蛋白,感染相关并发症发生率、住院时间等指标。结果:在收集的158例骨科住院患者中有营养风险的患者为52(32.9%)例,进行营养支持干预的患者未33(20.9%)例。其中有营养风险的患者进行营养支持有18(11.4%)例。在收集的52例有营养风险的骨科住院患者中,营养支持干预组和未干预组相比,入院白蛋白和总蛋白差异不显著,无统计学差异(P>0.05),出院白蛋白干预组明显高于未干预组差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。实施营养支持组的患者感染及并发症发生率均小于无营养支持组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);并且住院时间也较无营养支持组缩短(P <0.05)。结论:对骨科术后患者应该进行积极的营养风险筛查,对存在营养风险的患者进行营养支持,可以有效改善其营养状况,缩短住院时间。

Objective:To investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and the status of nutritional support among inpatients in department of orthopedics.Methods:Nutritional risk screening was performed according to the NRS2002 scoring criteria.Nutritional support was divided into intervention group and non intervention group according to whether or not to accept intervention.The albumin and total protein,incidence of infection related.Albumin,total protein,incidence of infection-related complications and hospitalization time were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the 158 patients in Department of orthopedics,52(32.9%)had nutritional risk and 33(20.9%)did not have nutritional support.Among the patients who had nutritional risk,there were 18(11.4%)cases of nutritional support.Among the 52 hospitalized patients with nutritional risk in the Department of orthopedics,there was no significant difference in the total albumin and total protein between the nutrition support intervention group and the untreated group(P>0.05),and the difference of the discharged albumin intervention group was significantly higher than that of the undone group(P<0.05).The incidence of infection and complications in the nutritional support group was less than that in the non nutritional support group(P<0.05),and the time of hospitalization was also shorter than that in the non nutritional support group(t=2.86,P<0.05).Conclusion:Positive nutritional risk screening should be carried out for patients in the Department of orthopedics.Nutritional support for patients with nutritional risk can effectively improve their nutritional status and shorten the time of hospitalization.