修辞困境的三大矛盾及其突破路径

An Analysis of Rhetorical Dilemmas and Their Solutions

表情达意的修辞行为是人类重要的基本行为,实质是将内在的意念情思进行言语化处理,其间存在重重困境。欲突破困境进而适情适境地实现修辞创造,需要重新深入探究导致修辞困境的主要矛盾。意念的多维性与能指的线条性之间的矛盾、能指的线条性与句段的非线性之间的矛盾、语言符号的约定俗成性与认知经验的个体性之间的矛盾,可谓是导致修辞困境的三大主要矛盾,对此亟须深化认识,这是进一步系统探索修辞行为规律并突破修辞困境的必要前提。创新并发展研究范式、扭住语言本位并致力于通晓语言文字的一切表达可能性,可谓是推动修辞学创新发展、指导修辞主体突破困境顺畅地实现修辞创造的必经之路。

Rhetorical action is one of the most important basic actions of mankind,which is in fact the verbalization of internal thoughts and emotions.The procedure of verbalization is very complicated,mainly because this procedure is completely difficult to be objectified.The contradictions between multi-dimensional internal thoughts and one-dimensional linear signifiers,and the contradictions between one-dimensional linear signifiers and non-linear syntagmes,as well as the contradictions between conventional lansigns and personalized cognitive experience,are the three main kinds of contradictions which would give rise to rhetorical dilemmas,according to linguistic and logical theories.There are two approaches which can develop the study of contemporary rhetorics,so as to effectively instruct the rhetorical innovations.One is to innovate the discipline paradigm,the other is to recognize all the possibility of the values and oppositions of lansigns within the language system.