不同地膜覆盖对大蒜生长特性及产量的影响

Effects of Different Color Plastic Films Mulching on the Growth Characteristic and Yield of Garlic

以‘徐蒜917’为试材,研究了不同地膜(红、绿、银、黑、白黑、银黑、透明膜)覆盖对大蒜生长特性及产量的影响。结果表明,相比于透明膜,银膜覆盖可促进大蒜生长,尤其可显著增加大蒜株幅、假茎粗、叶长及叶宽;黑膜覆盖的大蒜株幅和叶长亦显著高于透明膜;红、绿及银黑膜覆盖显著增加了大蒜叶片和叶宽;而白黑膜覆盖与透明膜覆盖的大蒜生长差异不显著,甚至略低于透明膜。此外,有色膜覆盖可显著提高大蒜根系活力和叶绿素a/b比值。银膜产量最高,黑膜次之;红、绿及银黑膜处理产量仍略高于透明膜,但差异不显著;而白黑膜产量较透明膜产量显著下降。因此,覆盖银膜或许可替代透明膜,成为一种栽培大蒜的新模式。

The effects of different color plastic film(red,green,silver,black,white black,silver black and transparent plastic film)mulching on the growth characteristic and yield in garlic were studied by using a garlic(Allium sativum L.)cultivar'Xusuan 917'.The results showed that compared with the transparent plastic film,the silver plastic film mulching promoted the garlic growth,especially increased plant width,false stem diameter,leaf length and leaf width significantly;The plant width and leaf length of garlic covered with black plastic film were also significantly higher than that of transparent plastic film;The red,green and silver black plastic film increased the garlic leaf length and leaf width significantly,while the growth of garlic covered with white black plastic film didn't differ significantly or even slightly below that of transparent film.Moreover,the colored plastic films could significantly increase root activity and chlorophyll a/b of garlic.The yield of garlic mulched with silver plastic film was highest,and the second was black plastic film.The yield of garlic mulched with red,green and silver black plastic film was still slightly higher than that of the transparent plastic film,but the difference was not significant,while the yield of garlic covered with white black plastic film decreased significantly.Therefore,silver plastic film that replaces transparent plastic film mulching maybe become a new cultivation mode of garlic.