摘要
21世纪以来美国联邦政府的气候政策可谓一波三折、左右摇摆:小布什上台不久便退出《京都议定书》,奥巴马政府颁布《清洁电力计划》和签署新的气候条约《巴黎协定》,特朗普上台伊始即宣布退出《巴黎协定》和废除《清洁电力计划》。在美国气候政策演变的过程中,美国联邦最高法院(以下简称"最高法院")扮演了重要的角色。在不同时期,最高法院对美国气候政策产生的影响不同,或是推动或是阻碍,这常常取决于法官们的政治倾向;但是总体来看,最高法院对行政部门的气候决策权往往起到制衡的作用。目前,法官的人员构成使得最高法院的政治态度倾向保守,这对特朗普任内甚至以后更长时期美国的气候政策将产生消极的影响。
The US federal government's climate policy has experienced twists and turns since the 21st century:the Bush administration has withdrawn from the Kyoto Protocol shortly after the president took office,the Obama administration promulgated the Clean Power Plan and signed the new climate treaty,the Paris Agreement,and upon coming to the White House,the Trump administration announced the withdrawal of the Paris Agreement and the abolition of the Clean Power Plan.In the process of the evolution of US climate policy,the US Supreme Court (hereinafter referred to as the Supreme Court) played an important role.At different times,the impact of the Supreme Court on US climate policy is different,either promoted or hindered,often depending on the political tendencies of the judges;but overall,the Supreme Court often checks and balances the climate decision-making power of the executive branch.At present,the composition of the judges makes the political attitude of the Supreme Court tend to be conservative,which will take a toll on the US's climate policy in and even after the Trump's presidency.
出处
《阅江学刊》
2019年第1期74-84,123,共12页
Yuejiang Academic Journal
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"美国国内气候政治机制研究"(15YJCGJW010)
