单细胞测序在肿瘤基因检测中的研究进展

Progress on single-cell sequencing and applications

肿瘤是全球第二大死亡原因,但其发生、发展和转移的分子机制尚不明确,肿瘤的诊断、检测和治疗手段仍不完善。传统的高通量检测方法是对大量的混合细胞进行遗传信息的研究,把大量混合细胞的遗传信息进行平均化,这样不仅无法观察到各种类型的细胞之间的区别,还会掩盖一些重要且数量稀少的细胞的独特特征。单细胞测序技术为探究肿瘤在单细胞层面的变化提供了新的手段,同时为发现新的生物标志物和药物靶点,促进癌症诊断、监测和治疗提供了新途径。

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally,but the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis,development and metastasis of cancer are still unclear.The bulk tumor analysis with high throughput sequencing can provide the genetic state of tumor cells with high precision,but it would mask critical information of diverse cancer cells.Single-cell sequencing technology provides new means for exploring the diversity of tumors at the single cell level and discovering new biomarkers and drug targets,by which the cancer diagnosis and treatment would be promoted.