篝火烟雾中的盘旋与升腾——《心中的明天》与澳洲混血原住民伦理冲撞中的身份建构

Hovering and Rising above the Camp Fire: Australian Aboriginal Identity Construction and Ethical Conflicts in Benang from the Heart

混血原住民往往首先要直面"我是谁"的身份问题。澳洲最高文学奖获奖作品《心中的明天》刻画了澳洲原住民与白人殖民者的后代混血儿哈利,一个由白人祖父刻意通过基因改造实验后的产物,因被剥夺了原住民身份,与祖父及其所代表的白人文化之间产生的伦理冲撞。本文以文学伦理学批评为视角,分析了原住民与殖民者之间所遵循的两条黑白伦理线,厘清了混血儿哈利与白人祖父之间在理智与情感较量后生成的伦理结,揭示黑白伦理冲撞中所形成的阈限空间既为哈利提供了消解伦理结的条件,又是他对白人殖民者非黑即白二元对立哲学思想的解构。

Mixed blood people often have to face the identity question "who am i?" Benang from the Heart by Aboriginal writer Kim Scott, a Franklin Award winner, portrays Harley, an offspring of an Aboriginal mother and a mixed blood Australian father. As a product of his grandfather's genetic ex-periment, Harley had ethical conflicts with his white-culture spokesman grandfather who deprived Harley of his Aboriginal identity. From the perspective of literary ethics criticism, this paper analyses the two ethical lines of “Dreaming”-oriented Aboriginal people and wealth-driven white colonists, and clarifies the ethical knots that Harley developed over the years wrestling against his white grandfather both mentally and emotionally. It reveals that the threshold space created over ethical conflicts and negotiations between the black and the white provides Harley with the conditions for disintegrating his ethical knots. The threshold space enables Harley to destruct the white binary opposition philosophy of black and white, and also to construct his mature Aboriginal identity embedded with a balanced view between his Aboriginal and colonist ancestries.