马尾松林改造成香樟林过程中生态系统服务功能评估

Forest Ecosystem Service and Its Evaluation in the Transforming Process from Pinus massoniana Forest into Cinnamomum camphora Forest

选取马尾松天然次生林和改造过程中不同阶段的香樟林为研究对象,依据《森林生态服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721-2008)的指标体系和计算方法,开展了观音峡林场马尾松林和不同林龄香樟林生态系统服务功能价值评估。结果表明:(1)观音峡林场马尾松林、香樟幼龄林、中龄林和近熟林2017年单位面积生态服务功能价值分别为7.65万元·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)、7.51万元·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)、8.40万元·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)和10.47万元·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)。(2)马尾松林改造为马尾松和香樟混交林过程中,改造初期由于香樟在灌木层中,乔木层密度小于马尾松纯林,因此服务功能略低于马尾松林。随着改造时间的增加,生态系统服务功能价值显著提高。(3)在马尾松林经营过程中,应营建混交林,同时增加幼龄林和中龄林的经营年限以提高森林生态系统服务功能。

To study the forest ecosystem service in different stages of forest transformation,Pinus massoniana forest was selected together with early,middle and late stages of transformed forest communities.The value of forest ecosystem services were evaluated according to the national standard of Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China(LY/T 1721-2008).The results showed that:(1)The unit value of forest ecosystem services were 76.5 thousand,75.1 thousand yuan,84.0 thousand yuan and 104.7 thousand yuan·hm-2·a-1,respectively in P.massoniana forest,sapling forest,mid-maturation forest and near-mature forest of C.camphora.(2)In the process of transforming P.massoniana forest into mixed forest of P.massoniana and C.camphora,forest ecosystem service was lower in early stage of forest transformation than that in P.massoniana forest because C.camphora was in the shrub layer.Then forest ecosystem services improved significantly as time went by.(3)In the process of P.massoniana forest management,mixed forests should be create and the operating period should be increased in sapling forest,mid-maturation forest in order to improve forest ecosystem service function.