生态环境损害民刑诉讼衔接的顺位规则研究

Study on Rule of Order in Link between Civil Litigation and Criminal Proceeding for Ecological Environment Damage

造成生态环境损害的行为同时具有民事违法以及刑事违法双重属性,生态损害索赔诉讼与关联刑事诉讼的有效衔接对生态环境损害赔偿制度目的的实现具有重要影响。采用先刑后民与刑民并行模式处理生态环境损害民刑诉讼衔接问题存在弊端,一方面不利于生态环境及时修复,另一方面也不利于赔偿义务人积极履行生态环境修复义务。采用先民后刑模式则可以有效避免上述弊端,是处理生态环境损害民刑诉讼衔接的最优方案,同时还需要建立健全环境行政与司法的联动机制,保障先民后刑模式的顺利施行。

The behaviors that cause ecological environmental damage have both civil and criminal offences,so the effective link between the litigation of compensation for damage of ecological environment and related environmental criminal proceeding has an important impact on realizing the purpose of compensation for environmental damage.There are drawbacks in both criminal proceeding priority and the mode of civil litigation and criminal proceedings in parallel in dealing with the connection in ecological damage claim.On the one hand,it is not conducive to the timely restoration of the ecological environment.On the other hand,it is also detrimental for the indemnification obligor to fulfill the obligation of restoring ecological environment.It is an effective way to avoid the above drawbacks by applying the mode of civil litigation priority,which is the best in dealing with the connection of civil litigation and criminal proceeding in ecological damage claim.At the same time,it is necessary to establish and improve the linkage mechanism between environmental administration and justice to ensure the successful implementation of the mode.