对外直接投资与中国技术创新研究——基于企业家才能提升的视角

On OFDI and Technological Innovation in China from Entrepreneurship Perspective

研究发现,逆向溢出效应和企业家"干中学"密切相关,企业家才能的丰度对我国对外直接投资及技术创新起着关键作用。熊彼特意义上的企业家创新不仅包含而且可以超越单纯的技术创新。对外直接投资可加快企业家人力资本积累,有利于其"干中学"绩效提升,且国际分工深化导致网络经济效应增强,所获技术溢出更为显著。同时,对外直接投资逆向技术溢出对我国创新水平提升的促进作用也将随着企业家才能的拓展而增强。研究还发现,各地区的技术吸收能力存在显著差异,企业家资源越丰裕,吸收能力也越强。因而,重视及促进企业家才能的激活与拓展成了推动中国企业成功走出去,并加速母国技术进步的关键所在。

It is found that the reverse spillover effect is closely related to entrepreneurs“learning by doing”.The abundance of entrepreneurial talents plays a key role in the outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)and technological innovation.Schumpeter s entrepreneurial innovation not only includes but also surpasses pure technological innovation.Outward foreign direct investment can accelerate the accumulation of human capital and improve the performance of“learning by doing”,and the deepening of the international division of labor leads to the enhancement of the network economic effect,and the technology spillover has been more significant.Meanwhile,the promotion effect of outward foreign direct investment reverse technology spillover at China s innovation level will also be improved with the enhancement of the entrepreneurial ability.It also finds that there are significant differences in the absorptive capacity of different regions,and the more abundant the entrepreneurial resources,the stronger the absorptive capacity.Therefore,attaching importance to and promoting the activation and expansion of entrepreneurial talents has become the key to promote Chinese enterprises to go out and accelerate the technological progress of the home country.