黄河谷地冬小麦冬前气象要素变化及与冬小麦性状的相关性分析

Changes of Climatic Elements before Winter on Winter Wheat in Yellow River Valley and the Relationships with Characters of Winter Wheat

利用青海省黄河谷地贵德县气象局观测的2000—2017年冬小麦发育期等资料以及同期的地面气象观测资料,采用趋势分析方法对贵德县冬小麦冬前积温、日照、降水等气象要素的变化趋势进行了分析,并采用相关分析法对气候因子与冬小麦越冬期密度、分蘖数、大蘖数、生长高度等各性状之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,贵德县冬小麦越冬前0℃、3℃、5℃有效积温均呈极显著的增温趋势,冬小麦越冬前生长日数随年际的延长呈不显著的减少趋势。冬小麦越冬前生长高度与≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃积温、降水量、平均气温呈显著正相关,越冬密度与≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃积温、降水量均呈极显著正相关。冬小麦越冬前生长天数与≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃积温、日照时数呈正相关。冬小麦播种期气温呈显著增温趋势。冬前稳定通过10℃、11℃、12℃、13℃终日均随年际的延长呈推后趋势,其中冬小麦冬前稳定通过10℃、11℃终日推后趋势极显著。

According to the data of winter wheat development period and the ground meteorological observation data from 2000 to 2017 observed by Meteorological Bureau of Guide County in the Yellow River Valley of Qinghai Province, the change trend of accumulated temperature, sunshine and precipitation of winter wheat before winter in Guide County was analyzed by trend analysis method,and the relationships between climatic elements and characters of winter wheat during overwintering was analyzed by correlation analysis method. The effective accumulated temperature(0℃,3℃,5℃) of winter wheat before overwintering in Guide County showed a very significant warming trend, and the growth days before overwintering showed a non-significant decreasing trend with the increase of years. The growth height was positively correlated with accumulated temperature(≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃), precipitation and average temperature,and the overwintering density was positively correlated with accumulated temperature(≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃) and precipitation. The growth days were positively correlated with accumulated temperature(≥0℃、≥3℃、≥5℃) and sunshine hours.The temperature of winter wheat at sowing date showed a significant warming trend.