横风作用下高速列车受电弓滑板的气动特性分析

Research on Aerodynamic Characteristic of High-Speed Train Pantograph Slide Plates under Crosswinds

基于三维可压缩流动的N-S方程,采用SSTk-ω湍流模型,对高速列车受电弓滑板在横风条件下的气动载荷特性进行模拟分析,得到受电弓滑板在复杂工况下的气动力系数,气动力矩系数以及绕流场特性.结果表明,在横风作用下前滑板、后滑板在迎流方向产生最大正压,在展向截面上压强均为负值,且后滑板最大负压小于前滑板.前滑板的展向压强分布遵循先一致后对称的规律,后滑板则相反.滑板气动荷载主要集中在0～500Hz范围内,在0～50Hz的范围内气动力系数由最大值衰减至10%左右,说明在该频段内各气动力、力矩波动最大;阻力系数、升力系数的峰值在0～200Hz的范围内,侧向力系数在0～300Hz范围内达到峰值.

Based on the momentum equation of Navier-Stokes (N-S) of three-dimensional compressible flowand turbulencemode of SST , the aerodynamic load characteristics of high-speed train pantograph slide plate were analyzed by simulation under crosswind conditions. The aerodynamic coefficient, aerodynamic moment coefficient and flow field characteristics of the pantograph slide under complex conditions were obtained. The results show that the front and rear slide plate generate maximum positive pressure in the direction of flow with the action of crosswind. The pressure was negative on the spanwise section ,and the maximum negative pressure of the rear slide plate was less than that of the front slide plate. The spanwise pressure distribution of the front slide plate exhibits the pattern from u- niformity to symmetry while the pattern of the rear slide plate was opposite-from symmetry to uniformity. The aerodynamic load of the slide plate was in the range of 0-500Hz. The aerodynamic force coefficient attenuated from the maximum to about 10% in the range of 0-50Hz,indicating that the fluctuations of aerodynamic forces and moment are the largest in this frequency band. The peak of the drag coefficient and the lift coefficient are in the range of 0-200Hz,and the peak of the lateral force coefficient is in the range of 0-300Hz. The research results can provide the basis for operational safety and optimal design of high-speed train pantograph slides under crosswind conditions.