20世纪初期中国文论知识更新的资源选择与路径考察——以“文学概论”教材的兴起为中心

Resource Selection and Path Investigation of Knowledge Renewal of Chinese Literary Theory in the Early 20th Century:Focusing on the Rise of Textbook of “Introduction to Literature”

在现代中国,受西方影响而变革着的教育宗旨导致了文学教育不断变化,不稳定的文学概论课程的设置情况决定了不同的文学概论教材的出现。由于文学概论属西方学制下的产物,而本土没有可借鉴经验,初始阶段学校常以近代古文论著作充当讲义,但真正意义上的文学概论教材几乎都是稍后从外国引进,日本与欧美是两条主要路径,其中日本路径而来的文学概论资源往往也源于欧美。两个路径而来的资源虽常同出于一源,但是传播过程中又各增殖了新特点。日本路径以厨川白村《苦闷的象征》、本间九雄《文学概论》为代表,欧美路径以温彻斯特《文学评论之原理》为典型,两个路径下的教材不仅带有时代特色,也成为理解现代中国文学知识建构、整合的重要角度与资源。

Modern China has witnessed the changing pattern of literary education under the influence of evolving western educational principles.Different versions of textbooks relating literature theory came into being,which is attributable to the continual readjusting literature courses.In early stages,modern works on ancient literature criticism are resorted to since Chinese literature theory does not exist.Originating from western countries,literature theory has its formal textbooks introduced mainly from the west and Japan,with the latter tracing its origin also to the west.Distinctions are brought forth between these two channels despite their same origin.The Japanese school is marked by The Symbol of Depression written by Kuriyagawa Hakuson and An Introduction to Literature by Hisao Honma,while the western school by Some Principles of Literary Criticism written by Winchester.Carrying features of their time,these books can be referenced when diving into the construction of modern Chinese literature criticism and tracing important sources for its development.