论康德普遍意志的理念契约论基础

On Basis of Social Contract Idea of Kant's United Will

康德法权哲学中的普遍意志被解读为基于传统的自然法或者是传统契约论,但这种解读无助其建立既具有普遍性又能保证在法权状态下个体自由选择的政治共同体。康德法权哲学批判了传统自然法和契约论,寻求理性理念的社会契约作为普遍意志的基础,这种理念的社会契约作为政治哲学的基础,其理论必须在满足普遍必然性的同时能够与个体的自由选择相一致。而将康德的普遍意志解读为自然法的立场实则是与康德的立场相背离的。

The foundation of the united will is interpreted as the traditional natural law or the traditional contract theory in Kant's legal jurisdiction philosophy,all these arguments cannot guarantee to build the political community with universal law and individual freedom choice in the state of legal jurisdiction.Kant criticized the traditional theory of natural law and contract theory in his legal jurisdiction and sought the social contract with reasonable idea as the foundation of political philosophy,which guaranteed the universal law and was consistent with the individual freedom of choice.However,the view that the united will is regarded as the position of natural law is in contradiction with Kant's view.