绿色产业集聚与城市工业部门高质量发展——来自国家生态工业示范园政策的准自然实验

Green Industrial Agglomeration and Quality of Urban Industrial Development: Evidence from the National Eco-industrial Park Policy

我国城市化、工业化进程中存在着集聚发展与生态环境保护的两难悖论,探索资源利用集约化和工业经济发展生态化的有效结合是城市产业体系转型升级的要求。作为我国探索绿色发展政策试验田的生态工业示范园,承载着以绿色产业集聚的方式推进资源环境利用集约化与培育现代生态产业体系的使命。基于国家生态工业示范园政策的准自然实验,采用2003-2016年中国281个地级及以上城市数据和多期双重差分法实证考察绿色产业集聚能否推动城市工业部门高质量转型发展。结果显示,我国城市工业部门的绿色经济效率整体水平不高,但呈现出逐步改善的趋势。国家生态工业示范园政策实施后城市工业部门的绿色经济效率大约提高了9%,说明绿色产业集聚能够推动城市工业部门绿色转型与高质量发展。进一步研究发现,绿色产业集聚推动城市工业转型的效果依赖于环境规制、集聚程度以及市场竞争程度等环境因素,并且其影响具有长期性与时滞性。建议结合强约束的环境规制政策、完善的市场竞争机制以及绿色发展的长远战略规划,以绿色产业集聚推动城市工业绿色转型与高质量发展。

The eco-industrial park is an experimental field for the exploration of green development,which carry out the intensive utilization of resources and environment,the cultivation of modern ecological industrial system and the mission of urban transformation through the way of green industrial agglomeration.Based on the quasi natural experiment of the national eco-industrial park policy,this paper uses 281 cities data in 2003-2016 years and difference-in-difference method to investigate whether the green industrial agglomeration can promote the quality of urban industrial development.The research shows that the overall level of China's urban industrial sector's green economic efficiency is not high,but it shows a gradual improvement trend.After the implementation of the policy,the green efficiency of cities has increased by 9 percent,indicating that the green industrial agglomeration can promote the green transformation.Further research has found that the effect of green industrial agglomeration to promote urban transformation depends on environmental factors such as environmental regulation,degree of agglomeration and the degree of market competition,and its effect is long and time-delay.Since 2009,cities in China have actively promoted the economic development zone and hi-tech development zone to become an ecological industry park,which has contributed to the urban green industrial agglomeration and development quality.The environmental regulation policy,the perfect market competition mechanism and the long-term strategic plan of green development should be combined,and green industrial agglomeration should promote the green transformation and quality of development.