对外贸易开放、对内区际开放与制造业全要素生产率提升

Opening of Foreign Trade,Opening of Interregional Trade and Enhancing Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing

对外贸易开放和对内区际开放存在互动作用与互补效应。根据新古典经济理论,把对外贸易开放与对内区际开放统一起来,构建全要素生产率内生化模型。基于区域异质性和行业异质性,利用1998-2015年省级层面的制造业数据,研究对外贸易开放和对内区际开放对我国制造业全要素生产率的影响。结果显示:二者对制造业全要素生产率均具有正向影响,并且二者对于促进制造业生产率的提升具有相互促进效应。此外,两者在影响制造业全要素生产率上存在着区域异质性和行业异质性。对内区际开放和对外贸易开放对东部沿海地区制造业生产率的影响比对中西部内陆地区更大;对外贸易开放对低端技术制造业的正向影响大于对中高端技术制造业的正向影响,对内区际开放对中高端技术制造业的正向影响大于对低端技术制造业的正向影响。当前,我国需要打破地域间分割,促进区域间合作,同时深化对外开放发展战略,进军国际市场中高技术复杂度产品领域,提升国内中间产品技术创新水平与质量水平,从而促进制造业结构升级。

Based on neoclassical economic theory,this paper constructs an endogenous model of total factor productivity(TFP).Using manufacturing data at the provincial level from 1998 to 2015,this paper studies the impact of foreign trade openness and inter-provincial openness on TFP in China's manufacturing industry from a new perspective.The conclusion is that both of them have a positive impact on the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry,and they have mutual promotion effect on promoting the productivity of manufacturing industry.In addition,there are regional heterogeneity and industry heterogeneity in affecting the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry.The impact of intra-regional opening and foreign trade opening on manufacturing productivity in eastern coastal areas is greater than that in central and western inland areas;the positive impact of foreign trade opening on low-end technology manufacturing industry is greater than that of high-end technology manufacturing industry,and the positive impact of intra-regional opening on high-end technology manufacturing industry is greater than that of low-end technology manufacturing industry.Therefore,by breaking the regional division,promoting regional cooperation,deepening the development strategy of opening to the outside world,facing the high-tech complex product field in the international market,upgrading the level of technological innovation and quality of domestic intermediate products is an important way to promote the upgrading of manufacturing structure.