试论宋代民间孝行规范

The Standard of Folk Filial Piety in Song Dynasty

宋代民间孝道相关记载所见事例表明,家庭内部对于子女孝行期待与规范总体包括态度上的恭敬和行为上的爱护。对于孝与不孝之界定,最根本的是子女面对年老体迈的父母长辈,其行为和态度处理是否得当。法律与道德是规范孝行的两个方面,因法律规范孝行遇到血脉亲情与惩处力度缺乏合理性的双重阻力,具体实施过程中收效有限,实际上成为一种颇具震慑性作用的条文。在民间真正对孝行起到规范作用的是伦理道德,法律仅仅是一种辅助性手段而已。

The records of the folk filial piety in Song dynasty show that the expectations and norms of folk filial piety in a family in Song dynasty generally include respect in attitude and love in behavior.To define filial piety,the most fundamental is whether the children′s behavior and attitude are properly handled when facing the elderly parents and elders.Law and morality are two aspects of regulating filial piety.Because of the double resistance of kinship and the lack of rationality of punishment,the specific implementation process of law regulating filial piety has limited effect,which in fact has become a very deterrent article.It is ethics and morality that really regulate the filial piety among the folk people.Law is only an auxiliary means.