番茄种质资源主要植物学性状的遗传多样性及相关性

Genetic Diversity and Correlation Analysis of Main Botanical Traits in Tomato Germplasm Resources

为拓宽番茄品种选育材料的遗传基础,以西北农林科技大学园艺学院番茄种质资源库中的142份番茄种质为研究材料,对植株、产量、果实和品质等方面的47个性状进行遗传多样性和相关性分析,研究番茄种质的遗传多样性及各性状间的相关性。结果表明:47个性状的遗传多样性指数平均为2.08,其中27个质量性状的遗传多样性指数平均为0.65,果型的遗传多样性指数最高(1.44),株型遗传多样性指数最低(0.04);20个数量性状的遗传多样性指数平均为4.01,心室数的遗传多样性指数最小(2.41),果横径的遗传多样性指数最高(4.79)。数量性状的变异系数平均为45.94%,除叶片长之外,其余各性状变异系数均高于平均值。数量性状中单花序花数和单花序果数属于强变异,其余均为中等变异。142份番茄种质为自然群体,遗传变异较丰富,可用于开展番茄重要目标性状的关联分析作图。

27 qualitative and 20 quantitative traits of 142 tomato germplasm resources from tomato germplasm resources bank in College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University were studied by analyzing the genetic diversity and correlations between different traits to broaden the genetic basis of breeding materials in tomato breeding.Result:The average value of genetic diversity index of total 47 traits and 27 qualitative traits is 2.08 and 0.65 respectively.The genetic diversity index of fruit shape and plant type is 1.44(the highest)and 0.04(the lowest)separately.The average value of genetic diversity index of 20 quantitative traits is 4.01.The genetic diversity index of fruit transverse diameter and locule number is 4.79(the highest)and 2.41(the lowest)respectively.The average value of variation coefficients of quantitative traits is 45.94%and the variation coefficients of different quantitative traits all are higher than the average value except for leaf length.The flower number per inflorescence and fruit number per inflorescence in 20 quantitative traits belong to strong variation and other traits belong to intermediate variation.142 tomato germplasm resources with abundance genetic variation can be used for correlation analysis of important target traits.