近50年京津冀气候变化及其对土壤水分的影响

Effect of Climatic Change on Soil Moisture in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in Nearly 50 Years

为农业生产评估及气候评价提供科学依据,利用1961-2015年京津冀地区的气温、降水、蒸发皿蒸发量、土壤湿度等观测资料,采用线性倾向估计法和相关系数法,研究京津冀地区主要气象要素和土壤水分的变化特征以及气候变化对土壤相对湿度的影响。结果表明:近50年来,京津冀地区平均气温升高显著,以冬季最明显;平均降水量整体呈减少趋势,空间分布由东南向西北方向逐渐递减;蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势;土壤相对湿度与降水量呈显著正相关,与气温、蒸发量呈负相关,夏季最显著,秋季次之,春季较差;降水量对10cm浅层土壤的相对湿度影响较大。

The main meteorological factors,variation feature of soil moisture and the effect of climatic change on soil relative humidity were studied by using the linear tendency estimation and correlation coefficient methods based on the data of temperature,precipitation,pan evaporation and soil humidity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 1961 to 2015 to provide the scientific basis for agricultural production evaluation and climatic assessment.Result:The average temperature rises significantly nearly 50 years,in particular in winter.The average precipitation shows a decrease trend overall and its spatial distribution gradually decreases from Southeast to Northwest.The pan evaporation shows a declining trend.The soil relative humidity is positively related to precipitation significantly.The soil relative humidity is negatively related to temperature and pan evaporation in particular in summer followed by autumn and spring.The precipitation has the great effect on the relative humidity of the shallow soil with 10 cm depth.