主题的拓展与方法意识的觉醒——四十年来规范法学的发展

Theme Expansion and Conscious Awareness in Methodology

四十年来,中国的规范法学在研究主题的广度和深度上不断拓展,也逐步实现了方法意识的觉醒。在法概念与基本法律概念方面,对法的性质的研究始于法的阶级性与继承性之争,逐渐融入自然法学与法律实证主义之争的背景,对各个基本法律概念(尤其是对"权利")的研究也不断深入。在法学方法论方面,呈现出译介先行的特征,法理学者涉入了方法论研究的各个分支,并形成协作研究和集中出版的局面。在法伦理学方面,论者主要聚焦于法治、守法义务的来源和道德的法律强制三个问题,对部门法哲学的研究兴趣初露端倪。在法学的科学性方面,以社科法学与法教义学之争为节点,在司法裁判模式和法律思维等面向上产生诸多纷争。最后,分析方法的兴起彰显出规范法学"以器御道"的本色和未来发展的方向。

Forty years on,normative theory of law in China has been kept on expanding both the broadness and depth of its research themes,and awakes gradually in consciousness of methodology.On the dimension of concept of law and basic legal concepts,studies on the nature of law began in dispute over class division and succession about law,but fused into the debate between natural law and legal positivism step by step,while the research on various basic legal concepts,especially on“rights”,is keeping on deeper.As to legal methodology,there emerges such a feature that the translation went ahead.Scholars in jurisprudence have involved in every branch of methodological studies,and cooperated mutually while published intensively at the meantime.In the domain of legal ethics,authors concentrate on such topics as rule of law,the source of law-abeyance and the legal enforcement of morality.The first signs of interests on philosophy of department law have just showed.The problem of legal science manifested itself clearly in dispute between School of“Law and Social Science”on one hand,and School of“Legal Dogmatics”on the other,which produces lots of divergences in model of adjudication and legal thinking.Finally,the rise of analytical method shows the“path through skills”-nature of normative theory of law,and the direction of future development.