留日书画家与印象派在中国的初期传播(1905-1912年)

Chinese Calligraphers and Painters Studying in Japan and the Early Spread of Impressionism in China(1905-1912)

清末民初西学东渐时代背景下,部分拥有留日经历的传统画人在文艺期刊上发表美术译述,介绍转译自日本的西方美术新知,由此开启印象派绘画在近现代中国的跨文化传播。这些肩负多元角色的传统书画精英,一方面依托留学经历,就印象派等西方现代绘画建立了比较直观的认知,另一方面又受各自的传统书画学养影响,对印象派形成不同的价值评判,进而结合对外交流经验,深刻反思中国书画艺术传统,积极开拓中国艺术创新路径,由此不仅反映了印象派跨文化传播对中国艺术发展的积极影响,更展现了艺术传统内生的现代发展趋向,对中国艺术现代转型的主要推导作用。

Under the background of Western learning spreading to the East in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,some traditional painters who had the experience of studying in Japan published art translations in literary and artistic journals,introducing new knowledge of Western art translated from Japan,thus opening up the cross-cultural communication of impressionist painting in modern China.These elites of traditional painting and calligraphy who had multiple roles,on the one hand,relying on the experience of studying abroad,had established a relatively intuitive understanding of western modern painting such as Impressionism,and on the other hand,influenced by their respective traditional calligraphy and painting literacy,had formed different value judgments on Impressionism,and then combined with foreign exchange experience,they had a profound reflection on Chinese calligraphy and painting art tradition,and actively explored the path of Chinese art innovation.This not only reflected the positive influence of the crosscultural communication of Impressionism on the development of Chinese art,but also showed the endogenous trend of modern development of art tradition and the main Promoting role of modern transformation of Chinese art.