环境规制能提升企业研发努力?——基于价值链和组织行为双重视角的实证研究

Can Environmental Regulation Promote Enterprises' R&D Effort?——Empirical Study from Dual Perspectives of Value Chain and Organizational Behavior

本文基于价值链和组织行为双重视角拓展企业研发努力的内涵,结合中国产业实际,运用2005—2013年36个制造业细分行业的数据,比较分析环境规制对清洁生产型和污染密集型行业中企业研发努力的影响。结果表明:从价值链和组织行为双重视角看,环境规制对清洁生产型和污染密集型行业中企业研发努力的影响存在明显差异;在价值链视角下,环境规制与清洁生产型行业研发投入、专利申请数量和新产品产值显著负相关;环境规制与污染密集型行业研发投入呈显著的倒U形关系,与专利申请数量呈显著的U形关系,与新产品产值之间的关系不显著;在组织行为视角下,环境规制与清洁生产型行业技术改造和独立研发显著负相关,与消化吸收再创新显著正相关,与合作研发之间的关系不显著;环境规制与污染密集型行业技术改造、合作研发和独立研发之间均呈显著的倒U形关系;与消化吸收再创新之间的关系不显著。

It expanded the connotation of enterprises’R&D effort on the dual perspectives of value chain and organizational behavior,and comparatively analyzed the impact of environmental regulation on enterprises’R&D effort in clean production-oriented and pollution-intensive industries using data of Chinese 36 manufacturing industries from 2005 to2013.The results show that:environmental regulation has significantly different effects on enterprises’R&D effort between clean production-oriented and pollution-intensive industries on the dual perspective of value chain and organizational behavior;environmental regulation has significant and negative impacts on R&D investment,the number of patent applications and new product output value of clean production-oriented industries on the perspective of value chain.There is a significant adverse U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and R&D investment,a significant U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and the number of patent applications,and no significant correlation between environmental regulation and new product output value of pollution-intensive industries on the perspective of value chain;environmental regulation has significant negative impacts on technological transformation and independent R&D,significant positive impacts on digestive absorption innovation,no significant impacts on cooperative R&D of clean production-oriented industries on the perspective of organizational behavior.There is a significant adverse U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and technological transformation,cooperative R&D and independent R&D of pollution-intensive industries on the perspective of organizational behavior.Environmental regulation has no significant impact on digestive absorption innovation of pollution-intensive industries on the perspective of organizational behavior.