摘要
针对碎软煤层瓦斯高效抽采与治理已成为制约煤矿安全高效生产的关键技术瓶颈问题,在分析碎软煤层顺层钻孔钻进关键技术难题的基础上,提出采用空气复合定向钻进技术与装备进行碎软煤层钻孔施工的技术方案,介绍了其技术原理与技术优势,开发了复合定向钻进技术、顺煤层长距离成孔技术和复合强排渣技术,选配了矿用空压机和孔口除尘器,研制了空气螺杆马达、空气流量与压力监控系统、配套钻具等钻进装备。在贵州省青龙煤矿开展了现场试验,在普氏系数为0.37的碎软突出煤层中,完成5个定向钻孔和2个定向主分支孔施工,最大孔深385 m,总进尺3 014 m,最大单孔瓦斯抽采纯量超过1 500 m^3/d,取得了碎软煤层定向钻孔成孔深度和瓦斯抽采效果的重大突破。空气复合定向钻进技术与装备可在工作面圈闭之前对碎软煤层瓦斯进行超前区域递进式抽采治理,掩护巷道掘进和工作面回采,具有钻孔施工周期短、成本低、瓦斯抽采效果好等显著优势,可对革新井下碎软煤层瓦斯治理模式、助力煤矿企业降本增效提供技术参考。
The efficient gas drainage and treatment of soft-fragmentized coal seam has become the key technical bottleneck restricting the safe and efficient production of coal mine.On the basis of analyzing the key technical problems of deep borehole drilling in broen soft coal seam,this paper puts forward technical scheme of soft-fragmentized coal seam borehole construction with air compound directional drilling technology and equipment,the principle and advantages of air compound directional drilling technology is introduced.The technology of compound directional drilling,long distance drilling along the coal seam and compound slag-off are developed,and the mine air compressor,air screw motors,air flow and pressure monitoring system,borehole dust remover and matching drilling tools are also developed and selected.In Qinglong Coal Mine,Guizhou Province,the field test is carried out.In the soft-fragmentized coal seam with the PRI hardness coefficient of 0.37,five directional boreholes and two directional main branch boreoles are completed.The maximum borehole depth is reached 385 m,the total footage is 3 014 m,and the maximum gas drainage puriy of single borehole exceeds 1 500 m ^3 /d.A major breakthrough of the directional borehole depth and gas drainage effect in the broen soft coal seam is obtained.The air compound directional drilling technology and equipment can be used to control the soft-fragmentized coal seam gas before the working face trap,in this way to cover the roadway driving and the working face recovery,which has the obvious advantages of short drilling period,low cost and good gas drainage effect.It provide technology reference to change the gas management model in soft-fragmentized coal seam,and also can help coal mine enterprises reduce costs and increase efficiency.
作者
方俊
刘飞
李泉新
褚志伟
FANG Jun;LIU Fei;LI Quanxin;CHU Zhiwei(Xi’an Research Institute,China Technology & Engineering Group Corp.,Xi’an 710077,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期224-229,共6页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05045-003)
关键词
碎软煤层
瓦斯抽采
空气复合定向钻进
钻进装备
soft-fragmentized coal seam
gas extraction
air compound directionel drilling
drilling equipment