2013—2017年某三级综合医院儿童法定传染病流行特征

Epidemic features of notifiable infectious diseases among children in a tertiary general hospital,2013-2017

目的了解某三级综合医院儿童法定传染病的发病规律和流行特征,为综合医院儿童传染病的分诊、转诊,以及医院感染防控措施的制订提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对该院2013—2017年报告的儿童法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2013—2017年连续5年共报告儿童传染病1 170例,年平均报告率为5.81‰,其中男性670例,占57.26%;女性500例,占42.74%。人群分布以学生(503例,占42.99%)和散居儿童(433例,占37.01%)为主。报告病例主要集中在第二季度,其中居前3位的分别是水痘(423例,占36.15%)、手足口病(332例,占28.38%)、流行性腮腺炎(199例,占17.01%)。结论儿童传染病是三级综合医院感染防控的重要环节,应重点加强手足口病、水痘和流行性腮腺炎传染病的上报,以及落实医院感染防控措施。

Objective To understand the occurrence regularity and epidemic features of notifiable infectious diseases(NIDs)among children in a tertiary general hospital,provide scientific basis for the triage and referral of infectious diseases,as well as formulation of prevention and control measures of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)among children in a general hospital.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological data of reported NIDs in children in the hospital from 2013 to 2017.Results From 2013 to 2017,1 170 children with infectious diseases were reported,the average annual reporting rate was 5.81‰,670 cases(57.26%)were males and 500(42.74%)were females.The population distribution was mainly students(n=503,42.99%)and scatter lived children(n=433,37.01%).The reported cases were mainly concentrated in the second quarter of each year,the top three diseases were chickenpox(n=423,36.15%),hand-foot-mouth disease(n=332,28.38%),and mumps(n=199,17.01%).Conclusion Infectious disease in children is an important link in the prevention and control of infection in tertiary general hospitals,the report of infectious diseases of hand-foot-mouth disease,chickenpox and mumps,as well as implementation of prevention and control measures of HAI should be strengthened.