近代报人作家的传奇杂剧创作及其戏曲史意义

The Creation of Legendary Zaju(Poetic Drama Set to Music) and Its Significance in the Drama History

凭借敏锐的政治嗅觉,以及与报刊、文化市场之间的紧密联系,报人作家引领了清末民初传奇杂剧的创作方向,为传奇杂剧的持续中兴发挥了不可替代的作用,但终究未能抵挡政治的激烈转型与新文化运动的强烈冲击,渐渐无力继续引领传奇杂剧的发展。由于文人的职业共识与卖文为生的生存境遇,报人剧作的主题建构明显与政治时事、文化市场密切相关,呈现出清晰的政治意识与市场意识。在延续清末传奇杂剧的兴盛局面并收获艺术经验的同时,报人作家也在思想、艺术以及文体形式上暴露出明显的硬伤,从根本上透支了传奇杂剧的生命。无论是艺术经验,还是艺术教训,均是近代报人作家戏曲史意义的体现,而且对当下的戏曲而言,也颇具启示意义。

With keen political intuition and the close relationship with the press and the cultural market,reporter writers led the creation of legendary Zaju around the turn of the 20th century,and played an irreplaceable role in the constant resurgence of Zaju.However,they eventually lost to the intense transformation of politics and the strong impact of the New Cultural Movement.The writers exhibited clear political awareness and market awareness as they wrote for a living and the themes were in close relation with the political affairs and cultural market.When they continued to flourish Zaju in the late Qing Dynasty and gained valuable artistic experiences,reporter writers had fatal flaws in thoughts,art and literary styles.The art experiences and the art lessons both reflected their significance in Chinese drama history and had enlightenment for the present drama.