揣测类评注性副词“别是”的特征与功能演化

The Feature and Functional Evolution of the Commentary Adverb "Bie Shi"(别是)

评注性副词"别是"主要用于主观揣测。从句法上看,既可以外附全句,也可以内附谓语。在具体语境下,根据说话者对事件确信程度的不同,"别是"发展出委婉肯定的用法,肯定的是其后所带成分的内涵和属性义,说话者借此来传达惊讶或对听者责备的态度。新功能的"别是"具有了与表揣测义时不同的句法语义特征,表现在所带的述谓成分多为一些违背常识的夸张描述语,所在句通常为非现实句,所带体词为"无指"成分。"别是"从表揣测发展出表委婉肯定的功能,与"别"的认识情态义的发展有很大关系。

The commentary adverb"Bieshi"(别是)is mainly used for subjective speculation.Syntactically,its distribution can adhere to the full sentence and can also enclose the predicate.In specific contexts,according to the degree of eventual certainty."Bieshi"acquires a euphemistic affirmative usage,affirming the property of what follows,by which the speaker expresses surprises and accusative attitudes."Bieshi"has acquired different syntactic and semantic features in expressions of speculation.The predicate components are mostly exaggerated descriptive terms,the sentence is counterfactual and the nominal structure is"non-referential"."Bieshi"acquires the euphemism affirmative usage from the speculation,which is closely related to the development of epistemic modality of"Bie"(别).