Aberrant cell cycle induction is pivotal for mitochondrial biogenesis after traumatic brain injury

Cell cycle regulation and brain injury:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in patients,and it affects more than 1.7 million Americans each year.Other than direct damage resulting from TBI,the brain injury triggers several secondary mechanisms which either individually or in combination contribute to the neurological deficits after TBI(Gupta and Sen,2016).These secondary mechanisms include neuronal death and stimulate proliferation of astrocytes and microglial cells,which in turn triggers neuro-inflammation(Simon et al.,2017).