“自然界的自我意识”与生态批评的主体精神

“Self-consciousness of Nature” and the Subjectivity of Ecocriticism

恩格斯认为人是自然界的自我意识,这是马克思主义人本生态观关于人类生态位的核心观念。只有从"自然界的自我意识"来认识人类生态位,才能全面认识人与自然界的生态关系,把握世界存在和生成的生态规律。生态批评中的主体精神,应该体现人作为自然界的自我意识的深刻内涵,应该具有宇宙视域的生态整体性、创造性和审美性的自觉意识,从而发挥其在生态系统中进行分解—还原的动能,忠诚守护和优化人类的生命家园和精神家园。

According to Engels,man is the self-consciousness of nature.This is the key concept of Marxist humanistic ecological thought on human position in ecology.Only by knowing human position in ecology from the perspective of“self-consciousness of nature”can we fully understand the ecological relationship between man and nature and learn the ecological law of how the world exists and develops.Subjectivity in ecocriticism,while well aware of ecological integration,creativity and aesthetic in a universal scope should also reflect the in-depth implication of the self-consciousness of nature so as to give play to its function of disintegration and restoration in the ecological system and faithfully guard and optimize the physical and spiritual homeland for mankind.