列宁对社会主义道路的探索及其当代意义

Lenin's Exploration on Socialism and Its Contemporary Significance

在马克思唯物史观视野中,社会主义是克服资本主义固有危机和矛盾,继承资本主义一切成果,由低级向高级发展的社会形态,并预示了社会主义革命将首先在发达的资本主义国家产生。在封建农奴制阻碍资本主义发展,小农经济占优势的俄国,列宁率先领导并建立起了第一个社会主义国家。从"战时共产主义政策"到"新经济政策",从坚持马克思主义到创造性地运用和发展马克思主义,列宁开辟了一条符合俄国国情的道路。列宁对社会主义道路的探索及其理论思想给中国社会主义的发展以深刻的启迪,其对社会改革的实践和经验,也为当今中国特色社会主义建设提供了宝贵财富。

In the view of Marxist historical materialism,socialism is a social form which can develops from the lower level to the higher,it can overcome the inherent crises and contradictions of capitalism and will certainly inherit all the achievements of capitalism.It also predicts that the socialist revolution will first appear in the developed capitalist countries.However,Lenin took the lead in establishing the first socialist country in Russia,where the small-scale peasant economy dominated the whole country and the feudal serfdom hindered the development of capitalism.Lenin is also great in exploration a socialism road based on the Russian conditions,such as“Wartime Communist Policy”and“New Economic Policy”,which applying and developing Marxism creatively and still has its enlightenment to the development of socialism in recent China.His practice and experience in social reform have also provided reference for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.