不同种类牛奶的致龋性研究

The Cariogenic Study of Different Kinds of Milk

目的:研究脂肪含量不同的牛奶的致龋性,正确指导健康生活。方法:选取2017年1—4月我院收治的45例正畸儿童口中被拔除的前磨牙100颗为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为5组,分别为脱脂牛奶组、半脱脂牛奶组、全脂牛奶组、10%蔗糖添加牛奶组、0. 9%氯化钠组,每组20颗,比较市售不同脂肪浓度的牛奶在离体牙齿模型中的致龋性,在相同条件的前提下,通过对变形链球菌的培养,计算实验后牙釉质脱矿程度指数,测定变形链球菌生物膜ΔpH值(产酸水平)、变形链球菌生长情况(OD_(600))来分析脱脂牛奶、半脱脂牛奶和全脂牛奶三种不同种类牛奶致龋性。结果:脱脂组、半脱脂组、全脂组、蔗糖组、对照组均对牙釉质脱矿和变形链球菌产酸有不同程度的影响,从全脂组到半脱脂组,再到脱脂组、再到蔗糖组,牙釉质和牙本质脱矿程度指数逐渐升高,且均高于对照组,每组与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。变形链球菌生物膜ΔpH值和OD600逐渐升高,且均高于对照组,每组与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论:脂肪水平的变化也可能导致牛奶致龋性的变化,与脱脂牛奶相比,全脂牛奶具有一定抗龋效果,另外,与没有添加蔗糖的牛奶相比,添加了蔗糖的牛奶有一定的致龋性。所以应提倡使用含脂牛奶,并劝阻使用对牙齿有害的致龋饮料。

Objective:To study caries of milk with different fat content and guide healthy life correctly.Methods:In this study,100 cases of premolars extracted from 45 cases of orthodontic children in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2017 were selected and divided into 20 cases of 5 groups,including fat milk group,semi skimmed milk group,full fat milk group,10%sucrose milk group,and 0.9%sodium chloride group in 5 groups.On the premise of the same condition,the decalcification degree index of the tooth enamel was calculated by the culture of Streptococcus mutans on the premise of the same condition,and the loss of milk and half of Streptococcus mutans(acid production level)and the growth of Streptococcus mutans(OD 600)were measured to analyze the skimmed milk and half of the milk in the same condition.Caries of three different types of milk:skim milk and whole milk.Results:The degreasing group,the semi defatted group,the whole fat group,the sucrose group and the control group all had different effects on the enamel demineralization and the acid production of Streptococcus mutans.From the degreasing group to the sucrose group,the enamel and dentin demineralization index increased gradually,and all were higher than those of the control group.The differences in each group were statistically significant compared with the control group(P<0.05).The pH value of Streptococcus mutans biofilm increased gradually and OD 600 was lower than that of the control group.The difference between each group and the control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Changes in fat level may also lead to changes in caries induced in milk.Compared with skimmed milk,whole milk has certain anti-caries effect.In addition,compared with milk without added sucrose,milk with added sucrose has certain caries induced.Therefore,the use of fatty milk should be advocated and the use of dental caries should be discouraged.