基于GIS的承德市冰雹灾害风险区划

Hail Disaster Risk Zoning in Chengde City Based on GIS

为了有针对性地防御冰雹灾害,应用承德市精细到乡镇的降雹频次、历史灾情、DEM数据、土地和人口密度等资料,从致灾因子、承灾体、孕灾环境、防灾减灾能力四个方面构建冰雹灾害风险评价模型。运用综合加权分析法和层次分析法计算各指标的权重,通过GIS空间分析技术实现对各评价指标栅格化,制作以栅格为基本评价单元的承德市冰雹灾害风险区划图。结果表明:承德市西北部的丰宁县冰雹灾害风险最高;中北部的围场县、隆化县、平泉县大部、滦平县北部风险较高;承德市南部的兴隆县、宽城县冰雹灾害风险较低。

To prevent hail disasters in a targeted manner,the precise data of counties was applied,which included hail frequency,historical disaster,DEM data,land and population density,etc,the risk assessment model of hail disaster was built from four aspects:disaster factor,hazard-affected body,disaster environment,and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation.The weights of each index were calculated by using the comprehensive weighted analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process.Through GIS spatial analysis technology to realize the rasterization of each evaluation index,Chengde City hail disaster risk zoning map was drawn with grid as the basic evaluation unit.The results showed as below:the hail disaster risk of Fengning County in the northwest of Chengde City was the highest.The hail disaster risk was relatively high in the middle and north of the Chengde City,which included Weichang County,Longhua County,most of Pingquan County,and northern Luanping County.In the south of Chengde City,such as Xinglong County and Kuancheng County,the hail disaster risk were relatively low.