美国小城镇发展的动力体系及其启示

The Momentum of Small Town Development in the U.S. and Its Enlightenment

美国小城镇作为其国家城镇体系的重要构成,其发展经历了三个时期:起步阶段(1840年前)、快速发展阶段(1840年—1920年)、郊区化阶段(1920年至今)。推进美国小城镇发展的动力主要有:欧洲移民的进入、工业化的快速推进、交通网络的不断完善、联邦政府政策和美国独特的城市文化。分析美国小城镇发展的动力体系,对推进我国小城镇健康发展具有重要的启示意义。

As an important part of the national urban system,the development of small towns in the United States has experienced three stages:the initial stage(before 1840);rapid development stage(1840-1920);and suburbanization stage(1920-present).The main driving forces to promote the development of small towns in the United States are:the entry of European immigrants;the rapid advance of industrialization;continuous improvement of traffic network;Federal policy;and America's unique urban culture.The analysis of the dynamic system of small town development in the United States has important implications for promoting the healthy development of small towns in China.