古典政治理性的复生——现代性危机克服的可能性路径

The Revival of Classical Political Rationality——the Possible Path to Overcome Modernity Crisis

现代性所孕育的思潮——实证主义与历史主义,对政治哲学展开了猛烈的抨击:实证主义把政治哲学发展成实证的政治科学,指出政治哲学对任何价值判断无能为力;而历史主义则公然否定政治哲学的可能性和必然性,从而使政治哲学陷入极端历史主义——虚无主义的泥淖中,这些思潮无疑都严重威胁到了政治哲学的生存地位。施特劳斯基于现代性三次浪潮的解析和对历史主义、实证主义的论战的基础上断言"现代性危机本质上就是政治哲学的危机",指出,要克服现代性危机,解救政治哲学,就必须跳出现代性的视角,回到政治哲学未被异化的时期寻求解药,即施特劳斯的"回归古典政治哲学"。

Positivism and historicism are two ideological trends fostered by modernity,which have launched a fierce attack on political philosophy.On the one hand,positivism develops it into an empirical political science and points out that it is powerless for any value judgment.On the other hand,historicism openly denies the possibility and necessity of political philosophy,causing it to fall into the quagmire of extreme historicism-nihilism.There is no doubt that these two trends of thought have seriously undermined the survival of political philosophy.On the basis of the analysis of the three waves of modernity and the debate on historicism and positivism,Strauss asserted that the crisis of modernity is essentially the crisis of political philosophy.He pointed out that,in order to overcome the crisis of modernity and save political philosophy,we must go beyond the perspective of modernity and go back to the period when political philosophy is not alienated so as to work out an solution,that is,what Strauss called,"returning to classical political philosophy".